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Previous year Modern History questions (PYQ) Prelims Analysis
The central recruiting organization in charge of selecting group "A" officers for various services is the Union Public Service Commission (UPSC).
Previous year Modern History questions (PYQ) Prelims Analysis
The central recruiting organization in charge of selecting group "A" officers for various services is the Union Public Service Commission (UPSC).
The competitive exam consists of two phases that follow one another:
- The objective-type Civil Services (Preliminary) Examination to choose candidates for the Main Examination; and
- The Civil Services (Main) Examination (Written and Interview) is held to choose candidates for the various Services and posts.
The General Studies Paper-I and General Studies Paper-II (CSAT) are objective (MCQ-based) papers that are part of the UPSC Preliminary Examination, which is the first phase of the exam. Paper II is qualifying and requires a minimum score of 33%.
In Paper I, two marks are awarded for each correct response, and one-third of a mark, or 0.66, is subtracted for each incorrect response. Unlike Paper II, where each correct response receives 2.5 points, incorrect responses receive a point deduction of 0.833 points. Each paper in the exam lasts for two hours, and both papers are given on the same day.
The Preliminary Examination is only intended to be a screening test, so it is important to keep in mind that a candidate's marks will not be considered when determining their final rank or level of service.
The likelihood of passing this stage is very skewed because there are roughly twelve to thirteen times as many candidates who qualify for the Main Examination as there are openings to be filled annually. To be admitted to the Main Examination for that year, a candidate must be officially declared qualified in the Preliminary Examination. Below are the previous years' cutoff scores for the General category.
UPSC Prelims Cut-off Marks over the years (2015-2022)
|
Year |
Cut-off Marks for General category |
Percentage |
|
2015 |
107.34/200 (GS1 based) |
53.67% |
|
2016 |
116/200 (GS 1 based) |
58% |
|
2017 |
105.34/200 |
52.67% |
|
2018 |
98/200 |
49% |
|
2019 |
98/200 |
49% |
|
2020 |
92.51/200 |
46.61% |
|
2021 |
87.54/200 |
43.77% |
|
2022 |
95/200 (expected) |
47.5% |
The objective-type evaluation format is followed by the preliminary exam. It includes inquiries from a range of subjects, including politics, geography, history, and the economy.
Below is a list of the Paper-I Preliminary Examination syllabus.
|
In order to pass the exam, it is crucial to thoroughly prepare for each subject or topic listed on the syllabus. Solving questions from previous years is crucial when preparing for Paper-I because it gives you an idea of the range of questions that have been asked in the past and helps you predict the questions that might be asked in the future.
Modern Indian history is the subject of a significant number of questions. After carefully examining the previous year's UPSC papers from 2015–2022, the questions on Modern Indian history have been compiled below.
TRENDS AND STRATEGY OF MODERN INDIAN HISTORY:
The analysis suggests that most queries about modern Indian history came in 2018, and no questions have declined since then. Most of the questions come from British Acts and Policies. The next important topic is the freedom struggle before Gandhi's arrival.
You should read Bipan Chandra's standard book, History of Modern India, or study the old NCERT of Modern India for CBSE 12th grade, both written by Bipan Chandra. To cover the additional subjects not covered in the aforementioned book, you can choose Spectrum. For the Prelims exam, these books are sufficient to cover the entire Modern India syllabus; however, to understand the material better, it is necessary to review the topics consistently.
YEAR-WISE QUESTIONS (2015-2022):
2022
- In the Government of India Act 1919, the functions of Provincial Government were divided into “Reserved” and “Transferred” subjects. Which of the following were treated as “Reserved” subjects?
- Administration of Justice
- Local Self-Government
- Land Revenue
- Police
Select the correct answer using the code given below:
(a) 1, 2 and 3
(b) 2, 3 and 4
(c) 1, 3 and 4
(d) 1, 2 and 4
Answer - C
- Consider the following freedom fighters:
- Barindra Kumar Ghosh
- Jogesh Chandra Chatterjee
- Rash Behari Bose
Who of the above was/were actively associated with the Ghadar Party?
(a) 1 and 2
(b) 2 only
(c) 1 and 3
(d) 3 only
Answer - B
- With reference to the proposals of Cripps Mission, consider the following statements:
- The Constituent Assembly would have members nominated by the Provincial Assemblies as well as the Princely States.
- Any Province, which is not prepared to accept the new Constitution would have the right to sign a separate agreement with Britain regarding its future status.
Which of the statements given above is/are correct?
(a) 1 only
(b) 2 only
(c) Both 1 and 2
(d) Neither 1 nor 2
Answer - D
- With reference to Indian history, consider the following statements:
- The Dutch established their factories/warehouses on the east coast on lands granted to them by Gajapati rulers.
- Alfonso de Albuquerque captured Goa from the Bijapur Sultanate.
- The English East India. Company established a factory at Madras on a plot of land leased from a representative of the Vijayanagara empire.
Which of the statements given above are correct?
(a) 1 and 2 only
(b) 2 and 3 only
(c) 1 and 3 only
(d) 1, 2 and 3
Answer - B
2021
- In the first quarter of the seventeenth century, in which of the following was/were the factories/factories of the English East India Company located?
(1) Broach
(2) Chicacole
(3) Trichinopoly
Select the correct answer using the code given below:
(a) 1 only
(b) 1 and 2
(c) 3 only
(d) 2 and 3
Answer - A
- With reference to Madanapalle of Andhra Pradesh, which one of the following statements is correct?
(a) Pingali Venkayya designed the tricolour Indian National Flag here.
(b) Pattabhi Sitaramaiah led the Quit India Movement of Andhra region from here.
(c) Rabindranath Tagore translated the National Anthem from Bengali to English here.
(d) Madame Blavatsky and Colonel Olcott set up headquarters of Theosophical Society first here.
Answer - C
- Consider the following statements:
(1) St. Francis Xavier was one of the founding members of the Jesuit Order.
(2) St. Francis Xavier died in Goa and a church is dedicated to him there.
(3) The feast of St. Francis Xavier is celebrated in Goa each year.
Which of the statements given above are correct?
(a) 1 and 2 only
(b) 2 and 3 only
(c) 1 and 3 only
(d) 1, 2 and 3
Answer - C
- Consider the following statements:
(1) The Montagu-Chelmsford Reforms of 1919 recommended granting voting rights to all women above the age of 21.
(2) The Government of India Act of 1935 gave women reserved seats in the legislature.
Which of the statements given above is/are correct?
(a) 1 only
(b) 2 only
(c) Both 1 and 2
(d) Neither 1 nor 2
Answer - B
- With reference to 8th August 1942 in Indian history, which one of the following statements is correct?
(a) The Quit India Resolution was adopted by the AICC.
(b) The Viceroy’s Executive Council was expanded to include more Indians.
(c) The Congress ministries resigned in seven provinces.
(d) Cripps proposed an Indian Union with full Dominion status once the Second World War was over.
Answer - A
- Who among the following is associated with ‘Songs from Prison’, a translation of ancient Indian religious lyrics in English?
(a) Bal Gangadhar Tilak
(b) Jawaharlal Nehru
(c) Mohandas Karamchand Gandhi
(d) Sarojini Naidu
Answer - C
- Who among the following was associated as Secretary with Hindu Female School which later came to be known as Bethune Female School?
(a) Annie Besant
(b) Debandranath Tagore
(c) Ishwar Chandra Vidyasagar
(d) Sarojini Naidu
Answer - C
- In the context of Colonial India, Shah Nawaz Khan, Prem Kumar Sehgal and Gurbaksh Singh Dhillon are remembered as
(a) leaders of Swadeshi and Boycott Movement
(b) members of the Interim Government in 1946
(c) members of the Drafting Committee in the Constituent Assembly
(d) officers of the Indian National Army
Answer - D
2020
- In the context of Indian history, the Rakhmabai case of 1884 revolved around
(1) Women’s right to gain education
(2) Age of consent
(3) Restitution of conjugal rights
Select the correct answer using the code given below :
(a) 1 and 2 only
(b) 2 and 3 only
(c) 1 and 3 only
(d) 1, 2 and 3
Answer - B
- Indigo cultivation in India declined by the beginning of the 20th century because of
(a) peasant resistance to the oppressive conduct of planters
(b) its unprofitability in the world market because of new inventions
(c) national leaders’ opposition to the cultivation of indigo
(d) Government control over the planters
Answer - B
- Wellesley established the Fort William College at Calcutta because
(a) he was asked by the Board of Directors at London to do so
(b) he wanted to revive interest in oriental learning in India
(c) he wanted to provide William Carey and his associates with employment
(d) he wanted to train British civilians for administrative purpose in India
Answer - D
- With reference to the history of India, “Ulgulan” or the Great Tumult is the description of which of the following events?
(a) The Revolt of 1857
(b) The Mappila Rebellion of 1921
(c) The Indigo Revolt of 1859 – 60
(d) Birsa Munda’s Revolt of 1899-1900
Answer - D
- Which of the following statements correctly explains the impact of the Industrial Revolution on India during the first half of the nineteenth century?
(a) Indian handicrafts were ruined.
(b) Machines were introduced in the Indian textile industry in large numbers.
(c) Railway lines were laid in many parts of the country.
(d) Heavy duties were imposed on the imports of British manufacturers.
Answer - A
- With reference to the book “Desher Katha” written by Sakharam Ganesh Deuskar during the freedom struggle, consider the following statements:
(1) It warned against the Colonial State’s hypnotic conquest of the mind.
(2) It inspired the performance of swadeshi street plays and folk songs.
(3) The use of ‘desh’ by Deuskar was in the specific context of the region of Bengal.
Which of the statements given above are correct?
(a) 1 and 2 only
(b) 2 and 3 only
(c) 1 and 3 only
(d) 1, 2 and 3
Answer - A
- The Gandhi-Irwin Pact included which of the following?
(1) Invitation to Congress to participate in the Round Table Conference
(2) Withdrawal of Ordinances promulgated in connection with the Civil Disobedience Movement
(3) Acceptance of Gandhi's suggestion for enquiry into police excesses
(4) Release of only those prisoners who were not charged with violence
Select the correct answer using the code given below :
(a) 1 only
(b) 1, 2 and 4 only
(c) 3 only
(d) 2, 3 and 4 only
Answer - B
2019
- With reference to land reforms in independent India, which one of the following statements is correct?
(a) The ceiling laws were aimed at family holdings and not individual holdings.
(b) The major aim of land reforms was to provide agricultural land to all the landless.
(c) It resulted in the cultivation of cash crops as a predominant form of cultivation.
(d) Land reforms permitted no exemptions to the ceiling limits.
Answer - B
- Consider the following statements about ‘the Charter Act of 1813’:
(1) It ended the trade monopoly of the East India Company in India except for trade in tea and trade with China.
(2) It asserted the sovereignty of the British Crown over the Indian territories held by the Company.
(3) The revenues of India were now controlled by the British Parliament.
Which of the statements given above are correct?
(a) 1 and 2 only
(b) 2 and 3 only
(c) 1 and 3 only
(d) 1, 2 and 3
Answer - A
- With reference to the Swadeshi Movement, consider the following statements:
(1) It contributed to the revival of the indigenous artisan crafts and industries.
(2) The National Council of Education was established as a part of the Swadeshi Movement.
Which of the statements given above is/are correct?
(a) 1 only
(b) 2 only
(c) Both 1 and 2
(d) Neither 1 nor 2
Answer - C
- Consider the following pairs:
|
Movement/Organization |
Leader |
|
1. All India Anti-Untouchability League |
Mahatma Gandhi |
|
2. All India Kisan Sabha |
Swami Sahajanand Saraswati |
|
3. Self-Respect Movement |
E. V. Ramaswami Naicker |
Which of the pairs given above is/are correctly matched?
(a) 1 only
(b) 1 and 2 only
(c) 2 and 3 only
(d) 1, 2 and 3
Answer - D
- With reference to the British colonial rule in India, consider the following statements:
(1) Mahatma Gandhi was instrumental in the abolition of the system of ‘indentured labor’
(2) In Lord Chelmsford’s ‘War Conference’, Mahatma Gandhi did not support the resolution on recruiting Indians for World War.
(3) Consequent upon the breaking of Salt Law by Indian people, the Indian National Congress was declared illegal by the colonial rulers.
Which of the statements given above are correct?
(a) 1 and 2 only
(b) 1 and 3 only
(c) 2 and 3 only
(d) 1, 2 and 3
Answer - B
- With reference to Indian National Movement, consider the following pairs:
|
Person |
Position Held |
|
1. Sir Tej Bahadur Sapru |
President, All India Liberal Federation |
|
2. K. C. Neogy |
Member, The Constituent Assembly |
|
3. P. C. Joshi |
General Secretary, Communist Party of India |
Which of the pairs given above is/are correctly matched?
(a) 1 only
(b) 1 and 2 only
(c) 3 only
(d) 1, 2 and 3
Answer - D
2018
- Regarding Wood’s Dispatch, which of the following statements are true?
(1) Grants-in-Aid system was introduced
(2) Establishment of universities was recommended
(3) English as a medium of instruction at all levels of education was recommended.
Select the correct answer using the code given below :
(a) 1 and 2 only
(b) 2 and 3 only
(c) 1 and 3 only
(d) 1, 2 and 3
Answer - A
- With reference to educational institutes during colonial rule in India, consider the following pairs:
|
Institution |
Founder |
|
1. Sanskrit College at Benaras |
William Jones |
|
2. Calcutta Madrasa |
Warren Hastings |
|
3. Fort William College |
Arthur Wellesley |
Which of the pairs given above is/are correct?
(a) 1 and 2
(b) 2 only
(c) 1 and 3
(d) 3 only
Answer - B
- Which among the following events happened earliest?
(a) Swami Dayanand established AryaSamaj.
(b) Dinabandhu Mitra wrote Neeldarpan.
(c) Bankim Chandra Chattopadhyay wrote Anandmath.
(d) Satyendranath Tagore became the first Indian to succeed in the Indian Civil Services Examination.
Answer - B
- In 1920, which of the following changed its name to “Swarajya Sabha”?
(a) All India Home Rule League
(b) Hindu Mahasabha
(c) South Indian Liberal Federation
(d) The Servants of India Society
Answer - A
- Which of the following led to the introduction of English Education in India?
(1) Charter Act of 1813
(2) General Committee of Public Instruction, 1823
(3) Orientalist and Anglicist Controversy
Select the correct answer using the code given below
(a) 1 and 2 only
(b) 2 only
(c) 1 and 3 only
(d) 1, 2 and 3
Answer - C
- Economically, one of the results of the British rule in India in the 19th century was the
(a) increase in the export of Indian handicrafts
(b) growth in the number of Indian owned factories
(c) commercialization of Indian agriculture
(d) rapid increase in the urban population
Answer - C
- After the Santhal Uprising subsided, what was/were the measure/measures taken by the colonial government?
(1) The territories called `Santhal Parganas’ were created.
(2) It became illegal for a Santhal to transfer land to a non-Santhal.
Select the correct answer using the code given below:
(a) 1 only
(b) 2 only
(c) Both 1 and 2
(d) Neither 1 nor 2
Answer - C
- He wrote biographies of Mazzini, Garibaldi, Shivaji and Shrikrishna; stayed in America for some time; and was also elected to the Central Assembly. He was
(a) Aurobindo Ghosh
(b) Bipin Chandra Pal
(c) Lala Lajpat Rai
(d) Motilal Nehru
Answer - C
- Which one of the following statements does not apply to the system of Subsidiary Alliance introduced by Lord Wellesley?
(a) To maintain a large standing army at others expense
(b) To keep India safe from Napoleonic danger
(c) To secure a fixed income for the Company
(d) To establish British paramountcy over the Indian States
Answer - C
- Who among the following were the founders of the “Hind Mazdoor Sabha” established in 1948 ?
(a) B. Krishna Pillai, E.M.S. Namboodiripad and K.C. George
(b) Jayaprakash Narayan, Deen Day al Upadhyay and M.N. Roy
(c) C.P. Ramaswamy Iyer, K. Kamaraj and Veeresalingam Pantulu
(d) Ashok Mehta, T.S. Ramanujam and G.G. Mehta
Answer - D
- Which one of the following is a very significant aspect of the Champaran Satyagraha?
(a) Active all-India participation of lawyers, students and women in the National Movement
(b) Active involvement of Dalit and Tribal communities of India in the National Movement
(c) Joining of peasant unrest to India’s National Movement
(d) Drastic decrease in the cultivation of plantation crops and commercial crops
Answer - C
- The staple commodities of export by the English East India Company from Bengal in the middle of the 18th century were
(a) Raw cotton, oil-seeds, and opium
(b) Sugar, salt, zinc, and lead
(c) Copper, silver, gold, spices, and tea
(d) Cotton, silk, saltpeter, and opium
Answer - D
2017
- Who among the following was/were associated with the introduction of the Ryotwari Settlement in India during the British rule?
(1) Lord Cornwallis
(2) Alexander Read
(3) Thomas Munro
Select the correct answer using the code given below:
(a) 1 only
(b) 1 and 3 only
(c) 2 and 3 only
(d) 1, 2 and 3
Answer - C
- Consider the following pairs:
(1) Radhakanta Deb — First President of the British Indian Association
(2) Gazulu Lakshminarasu Chetty —Founder of the Madras Mahajana Sabha
(3) Surendranath Banerjee — Founder of the Indian Association
Which of the above pairs is/are correctly matched?
(a) 1 only
(b) 1 and 3 only
(c) 2 and 3 only
(d) 1, 2 and 3
Answer - B
- The object of the Butler Committee of 1927 was to?
(a) Define the jurisdiction of the Central and Provincial Governments.
(b) Define the powers of the Secretary of State for India.
(c) Impose censorship on the national press.
(d) Improve the relationship between the Government of India and the Indian States.
Answer - D
- With reference to Indian freedom struggle, consider the following events:
(1) Mutiny in Royal Indian Navy
(2) Quit India Movement launched
(3) Second Round Table Conference
What is the correct chronological sequence of the above events?
(a) 1-2-3
(b) 2-1-3
(c) 3-2-1
(d) 3-1-2
Answer - C
2016
- The plan of Sir Stafford Cripps envisaged that after the Second World War
(a) India should be granted complete independence
(b) India should be partitioned into two before granting independence
(c) India should be made a republic with the condition that she will join the Commonwealth
(d) India should be given Dominion status
Answer - D
- What was the main reason for the split in the Indian National Congress at Surat in 1907?
(a) Introduction of communalism into Indian politics by Lord Minto
(b) Extremists’ lack of faith in the capacity of the moderates to negotiate with the British Government
(c) Foundation of Muslim League
(d) Aurobindo Ghosh’s inability to be elected as the President of the Indian National Congress
Answer - B
- Consider the following:
(1) Calcutta Unitarian Committee
(2) Tabernacle of New Dispensation
(3) Indian Reform Association
Keshab Chandra Sen is associated with the establishment of which of the above?
(a) 1 and 3 only
(b) 2 and 3 only
(c) 3 only
(d) 1, 2 and 3
Answer - B
- The Montague-Chelmsford Proposals were related to
(a) social reforms
(b) educational reforms
(c) reforms in police administration
(d) constitutional reforms
Answer - D
- Satya Shodhak Samaj organized
(a) a movement for upliftment of tribals in Bihar
(b) a temple-entry movement in Gujarat
(c) an anti-caste movement in Maharashtra
(d) a peasant movement in Punjab
Answer - C
- The `Swadeshi’ and ‘Boycott’ were adopted as methods of struggle for the first time during the
(a) agitation against the Partition of Bengal
(b) Home Rule Movement
(c) Non-Cooperation Movement
(d) visit of the Simon Commission to India
Answer - A
2015
- Consider the following statements
(1) The first woman President of the Indian National Congress was Sarojini Naidu.
(2) The first Muslim President of the Indian National Congress was Badruddin Tyabji.
Which of the statements given above is/are correct?
(a) 1 only
(b) 2 only
(c) Both 1 and 2
(d) Neither 1 nor 2
Answer - B
- Who of the following organized a march on the Tanjore coast to break the Salt Law in April 1930?
(a) V. O. Chidambaram Pillai
(b) C. Rajagopalachari
(c) K. Kamaraj
(d) Annie Besant
Answer - C
- The Government of India Act of 1919 clearly defined
(a) the separation of power between the judiciary and the legislature
(b) the jurisdiction of the central and provincial governments
(c) the powers of the Secretary of State for India and the Viceroy
(d) None of the above
Answer - B
- With reference to Congress Socialist Party, consider the following statements:
(1) It advocated the boycott of British goods and evasion of taxes
(2) It wanted to establish the dictatorship of the proletariat.
(3) It advocated a separate electorate for minorities and oppressed classes.
Which of the statements given above is/are correct?
(a) 1 and 2 only
(b) 3 only
(c) 1, 2 and 3
(d) None
Answer - D
- Who of the following was/were economic critics/ critics of colonialism in India?
(1) Dadabhai Naoroji
(2) G. Subramania Iyer
(3) R. C. Dutt
Select the correct answer using the code given below.
(a) 1 only
(b) 1 and 2 only
(c) 2 and 3 only
(d) 1, 2 and 3
Answer - D
- With reference to Rowlatt Satyagraha, which of the following statements is/ are correct?
(1) The Rowlatt Act was based on the recommendations of the ‘Sedition Committee’.
(2) In Rowlatt Satyagraha, Gandhiji tried to utilize the Home Rule League.
(3) Demonstrations against the arrival of the Simon Commission coincided with Rowlatt Satyagraha.
Select the correct answer using the code given below.
(a) 1 only
(b) 1 and 2 only
(c) 2 and 3 only
(d) 1, 2 and 3
Answer - B
- Which one of the following movements has contributed to a split in the Indian National Congress resulting in the emergence of ‘moderates’ and ‘extremists’?
(a) Swadeshi Movement
(b) Quit India Movement
(c) Non-Cooperation Movement
(d) Civil Disobedience Movement
Answer - A
- With reference to Indian history, which of the following is/are the essential elements of the feudal system?
(1) A very strong centralized political authority and a very weak provincial or local political authority
(2) The emergence of administrative structure based on control and possession of the land
(3) Creation of the lord-vassal relationship between the feudal lord and his overlord
Select the correct answer using the code given below.
(a) 1 and 2 only
(b) 2 and 3 only
(c) 3 only
(d) 1, 2 and 3
Answer - B
